The function used to provide access controls, authentication, and audit logging in an HIE is:

The function of identity management is crucial in a Health Information Exchange (HIE) as it ensures that individuals accessing the system are properly authenticated and authenticated users are assigned appropriate access controls based on their roles and responsibilities. This system safeguards sensitive health information by verifying the identities of users, thereby preventing unauthorized access.

By also incorporating audit logging capabilities, identity management captures user activity within the HIE, providing a comprehensive account of who accessed what information and when. This transparency is essential for both compliance with health regulations and protecting patient privacy. Additionally, effective identity management helps maintain the integrity of the system by ensuring that all transactions are performed by validated users, facilitating trust in the exchange of health data.

The other functions listed do not focus primarily on user identification, authentication, and regulatory compliance. Patient identification specializes in establishing correct patient identities, record location services manage the physical locations of health records, and consent management deals with permissions for data sharing rather than controlling user access.